华东师范大学(哲学社会科学版) ›› 2016, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 159-165.doi: 10.16382/ j.cnki.1000-5579.2016.03.017

• 比较视域中的儒家伦理 • 上一篇    下一篇

儒家环境美德伦理

黄勇   

  1. 香港中文大学哲学系,香港
  • 出版日期:2016-05-15 发布日期:2016-07-06
  • 通讯作者: 黄勇
  • 作者简介:黄勇

Confucian Environmental Virtue Ethics

HUANG Yong   

  • Online:2016-05-15 Published:2016-07-06
  • Contact: HUANG Yong
  • About author:HUANG Yong

摘要: 探究环境问题的美德伦理进路,较之更流行的道义论和功用论进路,具有明显的长处?但现有的环境美德伦理学基本上沿袭了亚里士多德的幸福主义路线,从人的福祉出发关注环境问题,因而有人类中心论之弊?儒家的环境美德伦理,特别是以王阳明为代表的版本,则与此不同?一方面,儒家环境美德伦理学的核心在于有德之人与万物一体,因此,有德之人的福祉也就意味着宇宙万物的福祉,从而可以避免人类中心论?另一方面,王阳明将传统儒家的“爱有差等”观念扩展到处理人与人之外的存在者之间的关系?依此,有德之人与万物一体并不意味着无差别地对待万物?

Abstract: Environmental virtue ethics has its clear advantage over the more predominant approaches to environmental issues, deontology and utilitarianism. However, it is plagued with anthropocentrism since it has been mostly endaimonistic along the Aristotelian line, deriving its interest in environmental issues from human flourishing. By focusing on the work of Wang Yangming, this paper develops a Confucian version of environmental virtue ethics. What is central to this version of environmental virtue ethics is that a virtuous person feels to be in one body with ten thousand things. It avoids anthropocentrism since the flourishing of the virtuous person means the flourishing of everything in the universe. However, to say that a virtuous person feels to be in one body with ten thousand things does not mean that this person takes care of the ten thousand things without distinction. This is related to the Confucian idea of love with the distinction, which traditionally concerns the human relationships but Wang Yangming expands to our relationship to non-human beings as well.